Medicinal uses of cannabis sativa pdf

It has been used by innumerable ethnic societies in asia. For example, increased use of marijuana, was attributed to alcohol prohibition in the u. Medicinal use cannabis california cannabis health information initiative. The word marijuana refers to parts of or products from the plant cannabis sativa that contain substantial amounts of tetrahydrocannabinol thc.

Oct 17, 2017 medicinal use cannabis california cannabis health information initiative. Cannabaceae is one of the oldest medicinal plants used by humans. While legally, there is no difference between sativa and indica, there are many differences between the sativa dominant and indicadominant cannabis strains. Jan 25, 2019 visit marijuana doctors to start your cannabis sativa treatment. Nigella sativa is a small black seed that has been used for centuries in herbal medicine. Modern western scientific literature ignores their con tribution on the subject. The cannabis plant was used medically for centuries around the world until the early 1900s. Nevertheless, the popularity and uses of cannabis is growing. C h a p t e r 53 cannabis sativa and hemp joshua a. The medical use of preparations derived from the cannabis sativa plant has a long. The word cannabis refers to all products derived from the plant cannabis sativa. Propagation through alginate encapsulation of axillary.

Marijuana, also known as cannabis or pot, has a long history of human use. Many south africans should be aware that judge dennis davis in the western cape high court made a landmark ruling on the 31st march 2017 declaring that it is an infringement to ban the use of dagga by adults in private homes. We also have professionals who can help you with questions, give you recommendations and. Uses, side effects, interactions, dosage, and warning. Most ancient cultures didnt grow the plant to get high, but as herbal medicine.

Public survey shows widespread support for increased access to medicinal cannabis,2 yet gps and clinicians generally remain more reserved. Over 80 chemicals, known as cannabinoids, have been identified in the cannabis sativa. Historically, cannabis medical applications appear to. Overview information cannabidiol is a chemical in the cannabis sativa plant, also known as marijuana or hemp. The oil of the seeds, petroleum ether and methanol extracts of the whole plant of cannabis sativa belonging to. The medicinal use of cannabis is also called medical marijuana. The complete genomes for cannabis sativa 400 million bases and cannabis indica were recently sequenced by a company, medical genomics, and published on amazons ec2 cloud computing service. Cannabis sativa is a cannabaceae family hemp species, which grows tall and has narrow leaves. If you use cannabis for medicinal purposes and have a current qualifying physicians. Propagation through alginate encapsulation of axillary buds. Uses, benefits and side effects of cannabis indica, sativa. For millennia, the plant has also been used for fiber, oil production, and simply as additive for food products. Medical uses and emerging research on offlabel uses are.

Part 1 of the report summarises the evidence on the medicinal properties of cannabis and. Doctors in the usa can issue recommendations rather than prescriptions. Medicinal cannabis has received increased research attention over recent years due to loosening global regulatory changes. Older people and those suffering from diseases such as cancer or aids could be more vulnerable to the drugs harmful effects, but more research is needed. Cannabis sativa is composed of different chemical constituents. Theres a lot of confusion about the difference between the different components of the cannabis plant, especially with current laws. Medical use of cannabis and cannabinoids emcdda european. Uttaranchal india is an ethnic region where the plant is a part of the local culture. A collection of clinical studies, papers and reference providing the ultimate resource for medical disorders helped by medical marijuana. Medical marijuana facts can be difficult to find because strong opinions exist, both pros and cons. Roots 3 historical uses cannabis root has been used medicinally for centuries from different parts of the world and to treat a wide range of maladies. It is a native to central asia, and long cultivated in asia, europe and china. Stateapproved medicinal use of marijuana is a fairly new practice.

Indica vs sativa which strain is right for you marijuana. Learn more about cannabis uses, effectiveness, possible side effects, interactions, dosage, user ratings and products that contain cannabis. The plant now grows throughout india, the middle east, and europe. Furthermore, evidence of medicinal cannabis use dating from. Nigella sativa is sometimes used to treat certain health conditions including asthma, bronchitis, and inflammation, and. Update of cannabis and its medical use world health organization. Yet its potential application in the field of psychiatry is lesser known.

It has been used in religious rituals, medical practices, and simple pleasures. Cannabis preparations have traditionally been used as treatments for a wide variety of conditions for thousands of years in india, china, the middle east, southeast asia, south africa and south america. Jul 23, 2012 in principle, physicians of any discipline without additional qualifications can prescribe dronabinol prepacked or individually mixed, nabilone, and the cannabis extract, even beyond the licensed indications offlabel, to any individual patient. If granted, this exemption permits acquisition of medicinal cannabis flowers for use in medically supervised selftreatment.

The earliest report is from medieval times when the root was said. Cannabis products derived from the sativa strain are known for their energizing and uplifting effects. Cannabis sativa has been used for centuries for its hemp fiber, as rope, and for its psychoactive resins. Clinical professor of psychiatry georgetown university school of medicine university of maryland school of medicine. Characterization of medicinal properties of cannabis sativa l. Cannabis sativa, also known as cannabis indica or indian hemp, is an annual herb of the family cannabinaceae.

Similarities and differences between indica and sativa. Is cannabismarijuanadagga legal in south africa in 2017. Cannabis medical uses by strain type cannabis strains guide. The whole plant or its extracts can be used to control or relieve medical or mental health conditions. In 1980, 423 natural compounds were identified in cannabis sativa, 483 in 1995 and 489 in 2005. Weedbay 700 medicinal uses of cannabis sorted by disease. In principle, physicians of any discipline without additional qualifications can prescribe dronabinol prepacked or individually mixed, nabilone, and the cannabis extract, even beyond the licensed indications offlabel, to any individual patient. Californias medical cannabis laws are now included in the medicinal and adultuse cannabis regulation and safety act. In 1545 cannabis spread to the western hemisphere where spaniards imported it to chile for its use as fiber. In north america cannabis, in the form of hemp, was grown on many plantations for use in rope, clothing and paper. Myrcene has been demonstrated to produce analgesic effects in laboratory testing on rats. The chemical constituents of cannabis represent almost all of the chemical classes, for example, hydrocarbons, sugars, terpenes, steroids, flavonoids, nitrogenous compounds and amino acids. Fda regulation of cannabis and cannabisderived products. The medical use of preparations derived from the cannabis sativa plant has a long history.

Cannabis sativa grows wild throughout many tropical and humid parts of the world. Pdf cannabis sativa, also known as cannabis indica or indian hemp, is an annual herb of the family cannabinaceae. Cannabis, also called marijuana, pot, weed, or hash, is a drug that comes from the cannabis sativa hemp plant. The use of cannabis as medicine has not been rigorously tested due to production and governmental restrictions, resulting in limited clinical research to define the safety and efficacy of using cannabis to treat diseases. Cannabis, from the plant cannabis sativa is also known as marijuana. Selected companies are allowed to produce marijuana for medical use, and only certain physicians are licensed to prescribe marijuana as a therapeutic drug for. An evaluation of single nucleotide polymorphism variations is being initiated and will likely be an advancing area of research. Therefore, chemical profilebased screening, selection of high yielding elite clones and their propagation using biotechnological tools is the most. Hemp, cannabis sativa, is one of the worlds oldest sources of food and medicine, with a history that dates back ten thousand years.

The most frequent offlabel uses of cannabis based medications are as follows. Medicinal cannabis has been reported to have potential efficacy in reducing pain, muscle spasticity, chemotherapyinduced nausea and vomiting, and intractable childhood epilepsy. The medicinal use of cannabis predates written history. In the 19th century, cannabis tinctures were used in britain and the us to relieve pain and nausea grinspoon and bakalar, 1993.

The inclusion of cannabis in the single convention on narcotic drugs in 1961 as a drug with no medical uses ended its medical use in the countries that signed the treaty grinspoon and bakalar, 1993. The leaves are palmately compound or digitate, with serrate leaflets. The oil of the seeds, petroleum ether and methanol extracts of the whole plant of cannabis sativa belonging to the family cannabinaceae were screened for their antimicro. For that reason, marijuanas effects on people who are weakened because of age or illness are still relatively unknown. Individuals use these strains when they wish to feel more social, physically active and creative. A revival of interest in the medical uses of cannabis in the 1970s. Used with limonene, along with the terpenoid citral found in many citrus fruits, lemon myrtle, lemongrass, and lemon verbena it has also been found to exert sedative and motor relaxant effects in mice. Chapter 2 an evaluation of the quality of medicinal grade cannabis 25 in the netherlands chapter 3 preparative isolation of cannabinoids from cannabis sativa 39 by centrifugal partition chromatography chapter 4 quantitative analysis of cannabinoids from cannabis sativa 53 using 1hnmr. The uk is notable for its failure to give any serious consideration to such reform since 1998, despite reasonable estimates of up to one million british. The first pair of leaves usually have a single leaflet, the number gradually increasing up to a maximum of about thirteen leaflets per leaf usually.

The whole plant or its extracts can be used to control or. Cannabis, often smoked, is used for recreational or medical purposes. Cannabis sativa has been used as an antispasmodic to control coughing, as well as an antiphlegmatic to dry up secretions such as excess phlegm by acting as a expectorant and diarrhea. As a plant, it has fallen into two groups indica and sativa. What are cannabis terpenes and their medicinal uses. Is cannabis marijuanadagga legal in south africa in 2017. The therapeutic potential of cannabis and cannabinoids. The most frequent offlabel uses of cannabisbased medications are as follows. And, to capture the best of both groups, farmers and cultivators have bred hybrids over time. Marijuana is obtained from a plant called cannabis sativa. The medicinal uses of cannabis and cannabinoids request pdf.

Best essential cannabis oil for sale in 2020 year buy cannabis oil online with free us delivery in our 24 hour store. Cannabis, history of cannabis, medical cannabis, cannabinoid. Preparative isolation of cannabinoids from cannabis sativa by. In this paper the indigenous uses and ethnobotany of its seed, seed oil, stems, fibre, leaves, inflorescences and resin along with various. Totally or partially herbivorous captive reptiles may encounter growing marijuana plants, ingest dried stems, leaves, and flowers, or marijuana edibles. Medical cannabis, or medical marijuana mmj, is cannabis and cannabinoids that are prescribed by physicians for their patients. The medicinal use of cannabis chief clinical officer kolmac outpatient recovery centers clinical professor of psychiatry georgetown university school of medicine university of maryland school of medicine george kolodner, m. The debate over the supposed medical benefits of cannabis remains extremely. However, it is also known that not everyone who uses cannabis is affected. Because of allogamous nature of this species, it is difficult to maintain its potency and efficacy if grown from the seeds.

Hemp, or more appropriately cannabis since the form grown for fibre contains much less of the medicinally active compounds, has a very long history of medicinal use, though it is illegal to grow in many countries since the leaves and other parts of the plant are widely. Arab scientists were several centuries ahead of our cur rent knowledge of the curative power of hemp cannabis sativa l. Dec 24, 2019 what medicinal uses might myrcene have. It has been used by humans throughout recorded history for its food, fiber and medicine. Indigenous uses and ethnobotany of cannabis sativa l. It is also referred to as grass, hashish, hemp, weed, marijuana and pot. Medical utility of cannabis sativa semantic scholar.

The cannabis sativa strains are more stimulating than the indica strains. However, by the twentieth century, medical use of cannabis had largely declined, and its. Sativa strains typically contain a higher amount of tetrahydrocannabinol thc than cannabinoids which causes more euphoria and cerebral effects than indica strains. Medical marijuana is the medical use of the cannabis sativa or cannabis indica plant to relieve symptoms of, or treat diseases and conditions. Used with limonene, along with the terpenoid citral found in many citrus fruits, lemon myrtle, lemongrass, and lemon verbena it has also been found to exert sedative and motor relaxant effects in mice 3.

If, after learning about cannabis sativa, you feel you need more information or are ready to give it a try, search for a medical marijuana doctor or find a dispensary at. The first pair of leaves usually have a single leaflet, the number gradually increasing up to a maximum of about thirteen leaflets per leaf usually seven or nine, depending on variety and growing conditions. A partial list of some specific medicinal uses of cannabis sativa follows. Preparative isolation of cannabinoids from cannabis sativa. The medicinal and nutritional uses of cannabis sativa chris conrad on. Hartsel, joshua eades, brian hickory and alexandros makriyannis introduction cannabis sativa is a remarkable plant containing many valuable natural components.